Series-parallel controller.



No, 867,809- PATENTBD OCT. 8, 1907.

A. G. EASTWOOD.

SERIES PARALLEL CONTROLLER.

APPLIOATIOK rmm SEPT, 6,1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

wrrrqcsacs'z- ATTORNEYS INVKN'TOR No. 867,809; PATENTED OCT. 8, 1907 A. o. EASTWOOD.

SERIES PARALLEL CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6,1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNSIH: INVGNTDR 46%? ATTORNIEYS A. G. EASTWOOD.

SERIES PARALLEL CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED snm'. 6,1906.

PATBNTED OCT. 8, 1907.

6 SHEETS-SHBET 3.

WITNESSES 2 INVCN'I'OR fiiwumw A'ITO RN EYE No. 867,809. PATENTED OCT. 8, 1907.

A. O. EASTWOOD. SERIES PARALLEL CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION TILED SEPT. 6,1906.

6 SHBBTQ-SHEET 4.

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ATT RNEY A. G. EASTWOOD.

SERIES PARALLEL CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6,1906.

WWI-It:

PATENTED, OCT. 8, 1907.

G SHEETS-SHEET 5.

A'I'TORNm SERIES PARALLEL CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED-SEPT 6.1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

WITNkItI: w E RNVIIN'I'OR 1 amm/ v [2W M t urnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SERIES PARALLEL CONTROLLER.

N0. senses.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 8, 1907.

Application filed September 6,1906. Serial N0. 833,568.

To whom it may concern:

it known hot I, Arm-run O. EAs'rwoon, a citizen of the United States, residing atCleveland in the county of Cuyuhogo and State 01' Ohio, have invented or discovered new and useful improvements in Series Purullei Controllers, oi which the lollowing is s specificarion.

lily invention relates to improvements in series-perrallel controllers, particularly in that typeei controllers in which the circuit is opened in changing thcinetor connections from series to parallel.

, One of the objects of my improvements is to secure a practically ins. utsneous change in motor connections, and absolute r uvhility in inserting the necessary resistuncc for limiting the current, when the motors are connected in parallel, by means ofswit hes which cunnot close until the requisite resistance is in circuit. In introducing the res' niecin the parallel relation, I prefer to accomplish this by opening the switch which has previously short circuited the resistance rather than by closings switch to introduce the resistance in circuit,

Referring to the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification, Figures 1, 3, and 5 are dim grzuunintic views of three forms of my invention and Figs. 2', 4 and (5 are diagrams bi the circuits of Figs. 1, 3, and 5, respectively, for the various positions of the controller drum or lutndle. Fig. 7 is an elevation and Fig.

*8 u section showing the manner of interlocking the switches.

cicrring first to Figs. 1 and 2, B re )rescnts u doublepolc switch which connects the po sup )ly wires to the wires X and Y,

' l lczuls t the contact-linger trolled 'e and negative esp ctivclvi The lb of the hand-convitch S, prcl'cruhly oi the drum type and the wire Y leads through the r versing switch mature A and the held F of the motor oh and the vn'rc p to the lixcd contacts 0 and o of the switches S and S, controlled hy the clcci'romurgncts and C. The

, the 211'- wire Y is conncyted h the X\'li](" "t to the fixed contact ll-iwl by the electro-rnagnct C :rnd ere connected to the l{" and R" of the rcsistzmce Tho cont: respective sections Milena hciug in series. c section It is the i c I, to the wire t, \YlHLll leads from an Q through the lield F and nurture A ol' the motor a to the switches S a the ml W The conhuu linger 1" is mni'iccl'cd by the i to the ,fixed contort ol the switch S", coutrollwl by lhc cl clro-mzignct C. The contuct-lingcr (1 is connected by the virc n to the windings oi the in and the contact linger r (mincclvrl by th wire to the winding of the The windings of (he magnets (1 and 0c connected hythc -wire m, to which are connected and the rc'v'crsing s.

contact finger 7, all the by a new the iixcdcontact o and the windings of the magnets C and 0 th lace oi the controller-switch S, and 1, 2, 3, 9 represent the several steps or positions of the afore mentioned contact-lingers on the switch S, at the various positions of the controller. Supposing the contact-fingers to be on the line 1, the positive current passes from the switch B through the wire X, the contact-finger 0;, the strips 0,1), c,.cZ, f, h, and j, the contact finger c, the wire 1), the windings C and C, the wire m, the contact 0 the wire n, the wire Y, and the switch 13 to the negative feed wire. The energization of the magnets C and C causes the switches S and S to close on their contacts 0 and o".

The closing of the switch S closes a second circuit, as follows: From the positive main through the switch 13, the wire X, the contact-finger x, the strips 11 and b, the sections of the resistance R, the wire I, the wire t, the motor a, the reversing switch W, the wire q, the switch S, the contact 0 the wire 1), the field F one-half of the reversing switch W the :i'rinuture A the remaining hall of the switch W the wire Y, and the switch B to the negative main. In this position of the switch S, both motors are in series with the whole resistance.

In the second, third, and fourth positions, the connections are asin the first position except that the resistance sections R, R and R have been cut out in the usual manner.

In the fifth position, the remaining resistance sectien R, has been cut out by the strip h which con- {acts with the finger T the current. passing from the strip f (whence in the fourth position it passed to the finger T to the strip 72. The current passes from the finger r through the wire 2, the contact 0', the switch S (which is already closed, as explained) the wire t, the motor a the switch S, the wire 7), the motor a the wire Y and the switch B to the negative main. In this position the whole resistance has been shunted wire and not by the wire I and the finger T the meters still being in series.

In passing from the fifth to the sixth. position, the contact finger C comes in contact with the 'strip 1:, before the finger G leaves the strip j. The electroniagnets C and C are, therefore, energized before the magnets O and (Fare denergized and the switches S and S tend to close before switches S and S open. They are, however, prevented from so doing by the interlocking-levers shown in Figs. 7 and 8, in which figures it will readily be seen that the centrally pivoted lever L engages the arms of switches S and S, lever L engages the arms of switches S and S and the lever L engages the arms of switches S and 5''. It

will further b {readily understood that, with them-- a. b, c, I: represent contact strips or rings on rangement shown, switch S cannot close while either switch S or S are closed, nor can switch S close while switch S is closed,'and vice versa.

In passing from position to position 6, as soon as 5 finger C engages contact ring is, switches S and S tend to close. The coils of switches S and S are, however, energized and remain so until finger 0 leaves contact with ring j. The arms of switches S and S therefore, pull upon the are the interlocking levers which interlock them with switches S and S but cannot close till switches S and S open. They are unable to pullme switches S and S open, for, these switches being already closed, have the magnetic circuits of their actuating electro-magnets practically closed, while a considerable air-gap exists in the magnetic circuit of the actuating magnets of switches S and S During 'that period of revolution of the drum of the'controller S, which corresponds,to the overlapping of rings j and k, the switches S and S are straining at the interlocking levers in an endeavor to close. As soon, however, as contact ring 7' leaves contact with finger O, coils O and G are deenergized and switches S and 8 instantly close. It is evident then that the closureoi switchesS and S must take place concurrently with the opening of switches S and S, the switches S and S being in the 4 act of closing while switches S and S are in the act of opening and the period of time consumed in'changmg the 'motor connections will be exceedingly brief.

In passing irom'posit ion 6 to position 5, it will be evident that switches S and S will close concurrently v with the opening of switches S and 8. At the precise moment when the strip leaves the contact finger 0 the magnets C and C are denergized, and the switches S and S instantly close, the current then passing from the contact finger 90 through the strips a, b, c, d, f, h, j and 7c; the contact finger 0 the wire it, the windings C and O the wire m, the contact 0 the wires 11 and Y to the negative main. This circuit closes the switches S and S Simultaneously with the closing of these two switches (the controller now beingin the sixth position, the motor bireuit is closed, which is as follows: From the positive main the current flows'through the'switch B, the-contact finger x, the controller-strips a, b, and c, the contact-finger T the resistance sections R R and R, the wires 1 and t, the motor a, the Wire q, the switch S the contact 0 the wires n and Y and the switch B to the negative main. From the wire t, a circuit parallel to that through the motor a passes through the switch the contact 0 the wire p, the motor a to the said wire Y. In this position of the controller S, the motors are in parallel and the resistance R is all in circuitbut the section It.

In the seventh, eighth and ninth positions of the cointroller N, the resistance sections R R and B I -are successively short circuited in an evident manner. Fig. 2 shows the circuits for the nine positions of the controller shown on Fig. 1

-: timouslyopened by theppening of the. switch S third audiourth position.

It will be understood that, even'thougli the finger and owing to the overlapping of the series and parallel strips j and k the opening of the switch S is coincident with the closure of the switches S and S. It will thus be seen that my invention .provides positive means for inserting resistance at precisely the time required.

Referring now to Fig. 3, the construction is the same as in Fig. 1, except that the finger r and its corresponding controller strips f and g and one resistance section have been omitted, and the resistances have been connected in parallel. There are only seven controller positions shown, those corresponding to the fourth and eighth positionfi'Qh Fig. 1, being omitted. The circuits are the same as on Fig. 1 except as follows: In the first position the motor circuit passes from the finger? through only one resistl s u a ance section, which s so proportioned to permit the required current to pass, for example, as much as passes through the resistance R of Fig. 1', in the sec- 0nd position a second parallel path for the current is provided through the strip p, the finger r, and the resistance section It, whereby an'increased current is supplied to the motors; in the third position, a third parallel path is provided for the current througln the strip d, the finger rfiand the resistance section R whereby a still larger current passes to-the motors.

In position 4, the resistance is entirely shunted as in the fifth position of Fig. 1,' through the wire 2. In

passing from the fourth, or in vthe last series position of the controller tothe fifth position, or the first parallel position thereof; the changes of the circuits and the operation of the apparatus are as in Fig. 1. The sixth and seventh positions respectively cut in the parallel resistance section It, the sections R and It being already in parallel in the motor circuit by rear son of the opening of the short circuit -path'z when the switch S opened which occurred when the strip j left the finger 0 causing the magnets C and C to middle of the resistance R by the wire t and the switch S to the end of the resistance R at 1 The strips (1, b, c, g, i, j, and k are as in Fig. 1, the strip (i being the same as the strips d and e of'Fig. 1 made continuous. In Fig. 5 there are only six controller positions, the transition from the series to the parallel arrangement of the motors occurring between the In 'the first position-the switches S and S are closed and the'switches S and S open as in Figs. 1 and 3. Current then passes .from the wire X through the finger x, the strips a, b, c, d, g, ifk, and j, the finger 0 the wire '0, the windings G and C, the wire m, the contact 0 thewire 1r to the wire Y as in the. first position on Figs. 1 and 3, causing the closing of the switches S} and S, as already explained. .The motor circuit for this position of the controller passes from the strip (2 through the finger r, the resistance sections R and R the wire 1, the

contact the wire p, the motor a to the wire Y, where it joins the other circuit. The motors are now in series with each other and one-half of the rcsist ance, that is, the sections R and R'-.

In the second position of the controller the section R of the resistance is short-circuited by the strip 0 and the corresponding fingers r and the third position of the controller, the resistance section is short-circuited by the strip d and the finger T2. In the latter position the resistance is entirely short-cir cuited through the finger 1 and the wire t In passing from the third to the fourth position of the controller, the circuits remain as they-were in the third position until the strip 3' leaves the linger c, at which time the circuit connectionsare changed as in Figs. 1 and 3 to the parallel arrangement, the

- circuit from the finger r then passing through the resistance sections R? and R to the Wire t owing to the opening of the switch S which short-circuited the said sections in the series condition of the motors. The current from the resistance sections divides at 1 one branch passing to the motor a by way of the wire 3 and the other to the motor a? by way of the wire I, the switch S and the wire p. The current from the motor a passes directly to the wire Y, but that from the motor a' passes to the wire Y by way of the wire q, the switch S and the wire it.

In the fifth position of the controller the strip 9 contacts with the'iinger r, whichshort circuits the section It, leaving the section R still in series with the motors, which are in parallel.

'In the sixth position of the controller the section R" of the resistance is short-circuited by the strip 1' and the finger r j The various circuit connections corresponding to the positions of the controller are illustrated diagrammatically on Fig. (3.

It will be noted that in each of the arrangements illustrated in Figs. 1, 3, and 5, in accelerating the motors they are iirst connected in series with the maximum amount of resistance. This resistance is then reduced step by step until the motorsare operated in series with all of the resistance short circuited. The transition from series to parallel is then made instantaneously, the closure of the parallel switches being coincident with the opening of the series switch .and also coincident with the opening of a switch which removes a short-circuit from the requisite amount of resistance for giving the proper speed on the first parallel step of the controller. There can be no uncertainty as to the time of inserting the requisite resistance, which is inserted by the opening of a switch rather than by the closure of switch. The transition from series to parallel is, therefore, not only made instantaneously but smoothly, since the resistancc inserted by the opening of the switch S may be so proportioned that the increments of increase in speed secured in passing from the last series step to the first parallel step will be the same as that secured between preceding steps of the controller.

I claim 1. In a series-parallel controller, the cornbinaion of a resistance divided into parts, means for short circuiting one part of the resistance While the motors are connected in series, means for short circuiting' another partot' the resistance to increase the speed of the motors while in the series position, means for changing the connections of the motors from series to parallel, means for concurrently opening theshort circuit around the first portiop of the resistance, and means for again short circuiting the re sistance.

throwing a short circuit around a portion of the resistance while the motors are connected in series and means -for opening the short circuit around the said portion of the resistance concurrently with the change of the motor con nections from series to parallel.

3. in a controller for two or more motors, the combination of a resistance for limiting the ilow of current to said motors, a power operated series switch for connecting the motors in series, a power operated resistance switch for short circultlng a portion of the resistance when said motors are connected in series, a power operated parallel switch for connecting the motors in parallel, and means for energizing the closing mechanism of the parallel switch prior to deenergizing the closing mechanism of the series switch and the resistance switch.

4. In a controller for two or more motors, the combination of a resistance for limiting the flow of current to the meters. :1 power operated series switch for connecting said meters in series, a power operated resistance switch for short circuiting' a portion of the resistance when the motors are connected in series, a power operated parallel switch for connecting-the motors in parallel, means for energizing the closing mechanism of the parallel switch prior to deenergizing the closing mechanism of the series switch and the resistance switch, and means for preventing the paralleiswitch from closing while the series switch and the resistance switch are closed.

5. Ida series parallel controller in which the circuit is opened in changing the motor connections from series to parallel, a resistance and means for inserting the resistance in series withthe motors concurrently with the opening of the circuit in passing from series to parallel.

G. In a series parallel controller in which the circuit is opened in changing the motor connections from series to parallel, the combination of a series switch, a parallel switch or switches, a re stance, and means for inserting all or a portion of the resistance in series with the motors concurrently with the opening of the series switch and the closure 01 the parallel switch or switches.

series switch for connecting the motors in series, a parallel switch for connecting the motors in parallel, a re sistance, means tor short circuiting the resistance when the series switch is closed, means acting concurrently with the opening oil the series switch for inserting a portion of the resistance in series with the motors, a switch for connecting the motors in parallel and means for reducing and finally short clreuiting said portion of the resistance when the motors are connected in parallel.

8. in a system of series parallel control, means for connecting the motors in series with a resistance, means for reducing the resistance and finally short circuiting the same, means for opening the short circuit and simultane- Ously connecting the motors in parallel.

In a series parallel controller, a resistance, an operating switch, a switch mechanism for opening the series circuit, means for inserting the resistance in the series circuit prior to the establishing of the parallel circuit and means for opening said series circuit, inserting the re-' slstance, and connecting the motors in parallel in a period or time independent of the speed at which the operating switch is moved.

10. In a series parallel controller, the combination 01' a in u serlesparailel controller, a resistance, means for 4. In a. series parallel controller, the dombinatlon of a resistance, an operating switch for reducing and finally action of said power actuated switches so that, when the series switch and the resistance switch are opening, the parallel switch is closing and vice versa.

12. in a cries parallel controller for two or more mo-' tors, a series switch for connecting the motor windings in series, a parallel switch for connecting the motor windings in parallel, a resistance, a resistance switch for short-circuiting said resistance, a controlling switch for regulating the amount of said resistance in circuit with said motors and for controlling the action of said series switch, said parallel switch, and said resistance switch, the connections being such that said parallel switch tends to close prior to the opening of said series switch and said resistance switch, and means for preventing said parallel switch from closing while either the said series switch or the said resistance switch is closed.

13. In a series parallel controller, a resistance, a. resistance switch for short-circulting said resistance, a parallel switch, and means for causing said parallel switch in close ing to tend to open saidresistance switch.

i. In a series parallel controller, a resistance, a. resistance switch for short-circuiting said resistance, a series switch, a parallel switch, and means whereby the parallel switch in closing tends to open said resistance switch and said series switch.

13. In a series para lel. controller, a resistance, a controlling switcfor rep-dating the amount of said resistam e in circu t, a resistance switch for short-clrcuiting said T 'HSfanCe, series switch, a parallel switch, and means wla-rehy the tendency of said parallel switch to close'is governed by said controlling switch and the time of 'its closure is governed by the resistance switch.

16. In a series parallel controller. a resistance switch, a switch for short-circuiting said resistance, a parallel I switch, means for preventing either of said switches from closing while the other is closed, and means tending to close either of said switches prior to the opening of the other.

17. in a series parallel controller, a resistance, an operating switch, and means whereby the connections'of the motors are changed from the full series relation to parallel relation-with said resistance in series with said motors, said change heina made at a speed independent of the speed at which said operating switch is moved.

'18. In a series parallel controller, a resistance, a resistance switch of the separately actuated type for short-circuiting said resistance, a parallel switch also of the separately actuated type, and a mechanical interlock whereby the parallel switch cannot close while the resistance switch is closed.

ance switch of the separately actuated type for short-circuiting said resistance, a parallel switch also-of theseparately actuated type, a mechanical interlock whereby the parallel switch cannot close while the resistance switch is closed, and means for energizing theclosing mechanism of said-parallel switch prior to deenergizing the closing mechanism of said resistance switch.

Signed at Cleveland this 29" day of Aug, 1906.

ARTHUR C. EASTWOOD. v

Witnesses C. W. COMSTOCK,

J. E. WELLMAN.

19. In a series parallel controller, a resistance, a resist- 

